Tyre Pyrolysis Oil Grades, Specifications and Trading Locations

Listed tyre pyrolysis oil markets

Each line is a grade at a delivery point. Open one for its full specification and terms.

SymbolGradeDelivery pointState

TYREPYRO.RCB.IN-GJRecovered carbon blackIndiaTwo-way, quoted on request

Grades

Tyre pyrolysis oil is bought against a laboratory specification measured by named standard test methods on a sample drawn at loading. Calorific value, sulfur, water, density, viscosity, flash point and ash are the settlement parameters. Where the oil is sold as a circular feedstock rather than as a fuel, the chain of custody certification and the feedstock declaration bind alongside the analysis.

Material composition and identification

7 grades

Determined on a representative sample drawn under the sampling procedure named in the contract, by the analytical and sorting methods stated against each parameterWhat the material actually is. In secondary raw materials the composition is the product, because the same trade name covers very different streams depending on where it was collected and how it was processed.

Grade	Definition
FeedstockDeclared, as the tyre types the oil was produced from	Passenger, truck, off the road or mixed tyres. The feedstock mix drives the aromatic content, the sulfur and the ash, so it is declared rather than inferred from the analysis.
ProcessDeclared, as batch, continuous or rotary pyrolysis, with the operating temperature range	The process and its temperature set the boiling range and the stability of the oil. Two plants running the same tyres produce measurably different products.
Post treatmentDeclared, as untreated, filtered, dewatered, distilled or hydrotreated	Untreated oil and distilled cuts are different products with different buyers. The treatment is stated because it, not the source, decides where the oil can go.
Boiling range distributionPercentage recovered at stated temperatures, by the standard distillation method	Describes what the oil actually is as a hydrocarbon blend and predicts how it behaves in a burner or a cracker.
Hydrocarbon typePercentage by mass aromatics, olefins and saturates, by the named chromatographic method	Reported where the oil is sold as a chemical feedstock, since the aromatic and olefin content governs its value in a cracker.
Appearance and odourAssessed visually and by inspection at loading	Dark brown to black liquid with a strong characteristic odour. Recorded on the inspection report as part of the identity check.
StabilityAssessed by the named ageing or total sediment method	Pyrolysis oils polymerise and drop sediment on storage. Where the oil will sit before use, the stability test is written into the specification.

Quality specification

12 grades

Tested by an accredited laboratory under the named standard method, on a sample drawn and split in the presence of both parties or their appointed inspectorThe numbers the contract settles on. Each parameter names the method it is measured by, because a figure without a method is not a specification.

Grade	Definition
Gross and net calorific valueMegajoules per kilogram, by bomb calorimetry to the named standard method	The primary payable parameter where the oil is sold as a fuel. Both gross and net are reported, with the basis stated.
SulfurPercentage by mass, by x ray fluorescence or by combustion with the named detection method	The parameter that most often decides whether a buyer can take the cargo, because the receiving plant emission permit caps it.
Water contentPercentage by mass or volume, by the Karl Fischer method or by distillation	Water carries no heating value, causes flame instability and separates on standing. Deducted or capped as the contract provides.
DensityKilograms per cubic metre at the stated reference temperature, by the named method	Used for the volume to mass conversion on which the invoice is calculated, so the reference temperature is always stated.
Kinematic viscositySquare millimetres per second at the stated temperature, by the named capillary method	Governs pumping and atomisation. Specified at the temperature the receiving plant handles the oil at.
Flash pointDegrees Celsius, by the closed cup method named in the contract	Sets the transport classification and the storage requirement, so it is measured on every parcel rather than carried over.
Ash contentPercentage by mass, by ignition to the named standard method	Inorganic residue from the compounding fillers, which fouls burners and is deducted where the contract provides.
Pour pointDegrees Celsius, by the named method	Decides whether the cargo needs heated storage and heated transfer in the destination climate.
Sediment and filterabilityPercentage by mass or by the named filter blocking method	Solids and polymerised material that block filters and injectors, tested where the oil goes to an engine or a burner.
Chlorine and halogensParts per million, by the named instrumental method	Corrosive in combustion systems and capped by most receiving plants.
MetalsParts per million, by the named instrumental method	Zinc, iron, silicon, sodium, potassium, vanadium and nickel, each against a stated limit, since each attacks a different part of the receiving plant.
NitrogenPercentage by mass, by the named method	Reported because it drives nitrogen oxide formation in combustion and poisons catalysts in a refinery route.

Contamination and prohibited material

7 grades

Assessed by visual inspection, manual sorting of a weighed sub sample and laboratory analysis, against the tolerance stated in the contractWhat must not be in the load, and how much of anything else is allowed. This is the clause most disputes turn on, so it is written as measured tolerances rather than as a general expectation of cleanliness.

Grade	Definition
Free water and bottomsPercentage by volume, measured on the settled tank or by the named method	Free water and settled bottoms are excluded from the settlement volume, with the measurement taken after an agreed settling period.
Foreign hydrocarbonsDeclared, as an absolute exclusion	Waste lubricating oil, solvents and any other stream blended into the cargo are excluded, because they invalidate both the fuel specification and any circular feedstock claim.
Polychlorinated biphenylsParts per million, by the named instrumental method	Tested against the regulatory limit, since detection above it reclassifies the cargo as hazardous waste and stops the movement.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsParts per million, by the named chromatographic method	Reported where the destination regulates the content in fuels or in feedstock, and where the safety data sheet classification depends on it.
ParticulatesPercentage by mass or milligrams per litre, by the named filtration method	Carbon black carryover from the reactor, which is the most common cause of a rejected parcel.
AdditivesDeclared, as none or as the named additive with its treat rate	Any stability, pour point or biocide additive is declared, since an undeclared additive can put the buyer outside their own product specification.
Tank historyDeclared, as the previous cargo in the storage and transport tanks	Named in the contract, because contamination in secondary hydrocarbons usually comes from the tank rather than from the process.

Physical form and packing

6 grades

Measured and inspected at the point of loading, and recorded on the packing list and the inspection reportHow the material presents and travels. Form governs the freight cost, the handling equipment at both ends and what the buyer plant can accept without reprocessing.

Grade	Definition
PresentationDeclared, as flexitank, isotank, road tanker, drums or bulk parcel	The presentation is agreed before booking because it decides the heating capability, the parcel size and the discharge arrangement.
Parcel sizeTonnes, declared, with the operating tolerance	Stated with the tolerance and with who exercises it, since the invoice follows the loaded quantity.
Heating requirementDeclared, as the temperature to be maintained in transit and at discharge	Specified against the pour point, because a cargo that gels in a flexitank cannot be discharged.
Drum specificationDeclared, as the drum type, capacity and closure, where drummed	Drummed cargo names the drum standard and the lining, since the oil attacks unsuitable linings.
Sampling pointsDeclared, as the tanks and lines sampled and the method used	Named in the contract with sealed retained samples, because in liquid cargoes the sample is the specification.
Ullage and heelDeclared, as the ullage at loading and any heel in the receiving tank	Recorded so the discharged quantity can be reconciled and any contamination from a heel is accounted for.

Regulatory classification and transboundary movement

7 grades

Classified against the Basel Convention entries, the OECD Decision and the importing and exporting national law, with the codes stated on the movement documentWhether the cargo can legally move from where it is to where the buyer wants it. This is settled in writing before any commitment, because the classification decides the consent procedure, the timeline and in some corridors whether the trade is possible at all.

Grade	Definition
Waste or product statusDeclared, as end of waste product or as waste	Where the oil meets national end of waste criteria it moves as a product. Where it does not, the waste shipment procedure applies, and the two routes have very different timelines.
Basel classificationDeclared, as the applicable entry with its code	Settled in writing before commitment, since the entry drives the consent procedure in the exporting, transit and importing states.
Dangerous goods classificationDeclared, with the identification number, class, packing group and packing instruction	Determined from the flash point and the composition, and stated on the shipping documents and the safety data sheet.
Safety data sheetProvided, prepared under the globally harmonised classification system	Issued with the cargo and updated to the actual analysis, not carried over from a previous parcel.
Sustainability certificationDeclared, as the scheme, the certificate number and the feedstock declaration	Where the oil is sold as a circular or renewable feedstock, the chain of custody certification is a contractual condition and the buyer audits it.
Fuel regulation complianceDeclared, against the destination fuel quality and emission rules	Sulfur caps, metal limits and permitted use categories differ by destination and by receiving plant permit, and are confirmed before the cargo commits.
Chemical registrationDeclared, against the registration requirement in the importing jurisdiction	Placing the oil on some markets requires registration of the substance, and the registration status is confirmed rather than assumed.

Inspection, documentation and settlement

9 grades

Governed by the contract, the Incoterms rule named in it and the movement documentation required by the exporting, transit and importing jurisdictionsThe commercial machinery around the material. In secondary raw materials the paperwork is as much of the product as the tonnage, because a cargo that cannot clear customs is worth nothing at the quay.

Grade	Definition
SamplingUnder the sampling procedure named in the contract, with sealed retained samples held by both parties	Independent, at load or at discharge as agreed. The retained samples are the evidence if the analysis is disputed.
InspectionBy an independent inspection company named in the contract	Weight, condition, contamination check and loading supervision, with a report and photographs issued to both parties.
Weight basisDeclared, as loaded weight or landed weight	Whether the invoice follows the certificate at load or the weight ascertained at discharge, and which weighbridge or draft survey governs.
Umpire analysisNamed in the contract, with the tolerance that triggers it	A third laboratory, agreed in advance, whose result is final and binding within the stated splitting limit.
Movement documentationNotification and movement documents, transfer note, bill of lading and packing list	The consent and tracking paperwork required by the exporting, transit and importing jurisdictions.
Certification and auditDeclared, as the certifications held by the processing site	The management system, chain of custody and responsible recycling certifications the buyer requires, with the certificate numbers stated.
Rejection and downgradeStated in the contract, with the remedy for each	What happens if the load is off specification: rejection, a price allowance, reprocessing at seller cost, or return, and who bears the freight in each case.
Payment termsDocumentary credit, cash against documents or open account, as agreed	Stated with the provisional and final invoice mechanism where the price depends on an analysis result.
Insurance and carriageDeclared, with the Incoterm and the insured value	The Incoterms rule named with the version year, and the party carrying the risk over each leg.

Grades outside this list trade on request. Send us the contract specification you work to and we will price against it.

Locations

Country	Region	We trade it as
United States	North America	Origin and destination
Canada	North America	Origin and destination
Mexico	North America	Origin and destination
United Kingdom	Europe	Origin and destination
Ireland	Europe	Origin and destination
Germany	Europe	Origin and destination
Netherlands	Europe	Origin, destination and trading hub
Belgium	Europe	Origin, destination and trading hub
France	Europe	Origin and destination
Spain	Europe	Origin and destination
Portugal	Europe	Origin and destination
Italy	Europe	Origin and destination
Austria	Europe	Origin and destination
Switzerland	Europe	Origin and destination
Denmark	Europe	Origin and destination
Sweden	Europe	Origin and destination
Norway	Europe	Origin and destination
Finland	Europe	Origin and destination
Poland	Europe	Origin and destination
Czechia	Europe	Origin and destination
Slovakia	Europe	Origin and destination
Hungary	Europe	Origin and destination
Romania	Europe	Origin and destination
Bulgaria	Europe	Origin and destination
Greece	Europe	Origin and destination
Turkey	Europe and Middle East	Origin and destination
Ukraine	Europe	Origin and destination
Russia	Europe and Asia	Origin and destination
Kazakhstan	Central Asia	Origin and destination
United Arab Emirates	Middle East	Origin, destination and trading hub
Saudi Arabia	Middle East	Origin and destination
Qatar	Middle East	Origin and destination
Oman	Middle East	Origin and destination
Israel	Middle East	Origin and destination
Egypt	Africa	Origin and destination
Morocco	Africa	Origin and destination
Tunisia	Africa	Origin and destination
Nigeria	Africa	Origin and destination
South Africa	Africa	Origin and destination
Brazil	South America	Origin and destination
Argentina	South America	Origin and destination
Chile	South America	Origin and destination
Colombia	South America	Origin and destination
China	Asia	Origin and destination
Hong Kong	Asia	Trading hub
Taiwan	Asia	Origin and destination
Japan	Asia	Origin and destination
South Korea	Asia	Origin and destination
India	Asia	Origin and destination
Pakistan	Asia	Origin and destination
Vietnam	Asia	Origin and destination
Thailand	Asia	Origin and destination
Malaysia	Asia	Origin and destination
Indonesia	Asia	Origin and destination
Philippines	Asia	Origin and destination
Singapore	Asia	Trading, finance and destination
Australia	Oceania	Origin and destination
New Zealand	Oceania	Origin and destination

Origins and destinations outside this list trade on request. We are not limited to the locations shown here.

Timing

Generation is when the material is collected and processed at origin, which follows the consumption and collection cycle of that market rather than a crop season. Arrival is when a shipment from that origin typically lands in a processing market. The gap between them is sorting, baling or refining, the export consent procedure and the voyage.

HarvestArrival

Origin	J	F	M	A	M	J	J	A	S	O	N	D	Window
United States	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecLarge end of life tyre arisings and a growing continuous pyrolysis base, with output moving into fuel pools and into circular feedstock contracts.
United Kingdom	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecEstablished collection of end of life tyres and several operating plants, with output largely exported.
Germany	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecTyre collection at scale and a technically demanding domestic buyer base, which pushes output towards distilled and treated grades.
Netherlands	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecProduction, blending and the principal European storage and trading position for the product.
Poland	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecSubstantial pyrolysis capacity supplying both the domestic fuel market and export.
Turkey	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecLarge tyre arisings and a well established pyrolysis industry supplying cement and industrial fuel demand.
India	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecVery large installed pyrolysis base on both domestic and imported tyre feedstock, and a large domestic industrial fuel market.
China	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecLarge scale continuous pyrolysis capacity, with most of the output consumed domestically.
Malaysia	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecEstablished plants with licensed feedstock import and a short voyage to the regional consumers.
United Arab Emirates	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecRegional tyre collection and processing, with storage and blending capability and re export.
South Africa	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecOrganised tyre collection feeding domestic pyrolysis, with output into local industrial fuel demand.
Australia	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest and arrival	Harvest Jan to Dec, arrival Jan to DecEnd of life tyre arisings with domestic processing capacity and export flows into Asia.

Windows outside this pattern trade on request, including term offtake, forward positions and tonnage already sitting in a destination warehouse or bonded terminal.

Customs, packing and contract terms

Indicative terms for tyre pyrolysis oil. Tariff classification is the importer’s responsibility and limits change, so confirm both against the destination customs authority and the current regulation before you fix a contract.

HS heading2713.90 Other residues of petroleum oils, including tyre pyrolysis oil
2707.99 Other oils from the distillation of high temperature coal tar, applied to some pyrolysis oils
PackingBulk in container for flake and scrap, mill size bales for textile and paper, flexitanks or ISO tanks for used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil. Contamination tolerance is the clause that decides the claim.
Container loading20ft: 20 t to 26 t depending on density. Used cooking oil at 22 t to 24 t in a flexitank.
Contract and arbitrationBIR model contracts with BIR arbitration, ISRI specifications for metal and paper grades, and for used cooking oil an ISCC EU or ISCC PLUS chain of custody certificate, which carries most of the value in the trade.
Destination limitsClassified and shipped under IMDG where flash point and hazard classification require it, with EU REACH registration and PAH content limits, sulphur specification for fuel use, and Basel controls where the feedstock or product is classified as waste.

Common questions

What grades of tyre pyrolysis oil does SIP Global trade?

We quote 48 published grades of tyre pyrolysis oil, including Feedstock - Declared, as the tyre types the oil was produced from, Process - Declared, as batch, continuous or rotary pyrolysis, with the operating temperature range, Post treatment - Declared, as untreated, filtered, dewatered, distilled or hydrotreated, Boiling range distribution - Percentage recovered at stated temperatures, by the standard distillation method, Hydrocarbon type - Percentage by mass aromatics, olefins and saturates, by the named chromatographic method and Appearance and odour - Assessed visually and by inspection at loading. Every grade is tied to a delivery point and a settlement route. Grades outside the published list are priced on request.

How is tyre pyrolysis oil graded?

Tyre pyrolysis oil is bought against a laboratory specification measured by named standard test methods on a sample drawn at loading. Calorific value, sulfur, water, density, viscosity, flash point and ash are the settlement parameters. Where the oil is sold as a circular feedstock rather than as a fuel, the chain of custody certification and the feedstock declaration bind alongside the analysis. Grading runs on 6 systems: Material composition and identification, Quality specification, Contamination and prohibited material, Physical form and packing, Regulatory classification and transboundary movement and Inspection, documentation and settlement.

Where does SIP Global trade tyre pyrolysis oil?

We trade tyre pyrolysis oil in United States, Canada, Mexico, United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Netherlands and Belgium and 50 further markets. Origins and destinations outside this list trade on request. We are not limited to the locations shown.

When is tyre pyrolysis oil harvested and when does it arrive?

Typical windows are United States: harvest jan to dec, arrival jan to dec; United Kingdom: harvest jan to dec, arrival jan to dec; Germany: harvest jan to dec, arrival jan to dec; Netherlands: harvest jan to dec, arrival jan to dec; Poland: harvest jan to dec, arrival jan to dec. Harvest is when the lot is taken at origin, arrival is when a shipment from that origin lands in a consuming market. Windows outside this pattern, including carry, trade on request.

What is the HS code for tyre pyrolysis oil?

Tyre pyrolysis oil is normally classified under HS 2713.90 (other residues of petroleum oils, including tyre pyrolysis oil) and HS 2707.99 (other oils from the distillation of high temperature coal tar, applied to some pyrolysis oils). The heading follows the form the goods are in at the border, and national tariffs extend it beyond six digits, so confirm the full line with the destination customs authority before you fix a contract.

How do I get a price for tyre pyrolysis oil?

Send the grade, the origin and the delivery window to the SIP Global desk. That is enough for a trader to come back with a level and a settlement route. 1 listed tyre pyrolysis oil market is published on this page, each with its full specification and terms. We take both sides, physical and financial, prompt to long dated.

Standards and data sources

The grading language on this sheet follows published standards. Trade volumes and tariff lines are public record. Verify anything here against the source.

UN ComtradeOfficial international trade statistics by HS code
ITC Trade MapBilateral trade flows and tariff data
FAOSTATFAO production and trade series for agricultural commodities

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Grade, origin and window if you have them. If what you are carrying does not fit the sheet above, describe it in your own words and a trader will take it from there.

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